閑居期間，他過著田園生活，在家中的小園種菜種瓜，

公元1180年，陸游在江西常平任提舉，主管糧倉、水利事宜。這年，江西水災，陸游因為開倉放糧賑災，先斬后奏，遭到了彈劾。氣憤中，他辭官回家鄉(xiāng)山陰閑居。

閑了就讀讀陶淵明的詩。《小園》便是他在淳熙八年（1181）閑居家中寫下的，共有4首。這是其中的第一首，描寫了鄉(xiāng)村的景色及生活，質樸的詩句中散發(fā)出濃濃的田園氣息，讀來治愈人心，又令人向往。

開頭兩句“小園煙草接鄰家，桑柘陰陰一徑斜”，描寫了小園的景色，營造出清麗、寧靜的氛圍：小園中，青草長得茂盛，一直連接到鄰居家；桑樹、柘樹蔥蔥郁郁，遮掩著小路；彎曲的小路斜斜地延伸向遠處。

“煙草”指的是荒草，一直“接鄰家”。可見，草長得茂盛，或許有些雜亂，但卻呈現出一派生機盎然。“鄰家”一詞給人親切的感覺，想必詩人與鄰里間的關系很親近，不然又怎么會出現在詩句中呢？

整個首句讀來充滿了生機，小園的風貌逼真地呈現在紙上：小園沒有鮮花，長滿了青草。這樣的小園平凡又接地氣。此外，透過詩句，我們可以體會到鄰里間關系親近、鄉(xiāng)村生活的安寧，給人歲月靜好的感覺。

次句中，“桑柘”指的是桑樹和柘樹，桑行程最好自駕，景點分散，拐彎多，想停就停，想走就走。

不自駕也能玩，先到南寧，再轉客運到大新或寧明，時間留寬，別和路較勁。樹的葉子用于養(yǎng)蠶，而柘樹是一種灌木。這兩種樹木在古代農業(yè)和經濟經濟生活中有一定的重要價值；“陰陰”意思是幽暗的樣子。“桑柘陰陰”不僅把環(huán)境描寫得寧靜、清幽，也體現出鄉(xiāng)村生活的自給自足。

次句從高到遠寫小園的景色，高處是蔥郁的桑柘，遠處是一條蜿蜒的小路，景色清新、幽靜。讀著這詩句，我不禁想起了孟浩然的《過故人莊》中的詩句：“綠樹村邊合，青山國外斜”。如此清新、寧靜的小園，想必作者對小園十分喜愛。

“臥讀陶詩未終卷，又乘微雨去鋤瓜。”

前兩句寫小園的景色，后兩句則轉而寫生活情景：躺著讀陶淵明的詩，還沒有讀完，天忽然下起了雨，便趁著細雨去小園松土鋤瓜。

前句寫的是作者讀書的場景，帶著淡淡的書卷味，散發(fā)出淡雅、悠閑的氣息。其中，“陶詩”指的是陶淵明的詩；“臥” 寫出了作者生活閑適；“臥讀陶詩”充分體現了作者內心悠閑自在。

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所以，閑居期間，他特別喜歡讀陶淵明的作品。這也體現出他追求自由、獨立、寧靜的精神境界。

后句寫的是作者趁微雨鋤瓜的情景，充分體現了作者勤勞、熱愛生活，畫面樸素而生動。我們可以想象一下其畫面：天空飄著細雨，詩人在勤勞地鋤地，瓜果長勢喜人，實在是太醇美了，令人心情恬靜。

讀著末兩句，我深深地被這詩情畫意的詩句所陶醉，感覺這樣的生活平淡而美好。這不就是我們很多人向往的躬耕生活嗎？

陸游這首詩語言質樸，景色清麗寧靜，短短4句，就把平淡的生活寫得醇美無比，充滿了鄉(xiāng)村田園氣息，讀來令人向往。

讀著這首詩，我不禁羨慕起陸游筆下的田園生活，或許是生活在城市久了，就特別向往家中有個小小的院子能種種花、種種菜，不為收成，只為了享受其中的樂趣與詩意。此時，雖然不能擁有，但讀讀這首平淡樸素的小詩，卻讓我忘記了生活的煩惱與壓力，沉醉在美好的鄉(xiāng)村田園中，特別的治愈！