省下數(shù)千萬(wàn)！寧諾這項(xiàng)技術(shù)讓高速?gòu)U土變寶，杭甬高速已用上

Please scroll down for the English version - UNNC research team transforms construction waste into sustainable motorway materials.

寧諾科研團(tuán)隊(duì)“三步”實(shí)現(xiàn)渣土全利用

高速公路廢土變身路基材料

高速公路建設(shè)產(chǎn)生的海量廢棄渣土，向來(lái)是工程界的“生態(tài)包袱”與“成本負(fù)擔(dān)”，寧波諾丁漢大學(xué)土木工程系王娟教授團(tuán)隊(duì)通過(guò)一套一體化工藝破解難題，將廢棄渣土轉(zhuǎn)化為合格高速公路路基材料，不僅拿下寧波市科技進(jìn)步獎(jiǎng)，更率先實(shí)現(xiàn)工程渣土在浙江高速公路主路的規(guī)模化應(yīng)用，累計(jì)節(jié)約工程成本數(shù)千萬(wàn)元，走出一條“綠色筑路”的創(chuàng)新路徑。

PART.01

從泥漿到路基的技術(shù)跨越

2018年春，一次企業(yè)走訪(fǎng)成為技術(shù)突破的起點(diǎn)。當(dāng)時(shí)，寧波交通工程集團(tuán)有限公司提出一個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)困境：一個(gè)高速公路建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，預(yù)計(jì)約產(chǎn)生40萬(wàn)立方米的渣土，若按傳統(tǒng)方法，長(zhǎng)途運(yùn)輸、遠(yuǎn)洋拋填，每方成本超百元，僅棄土費(fèi)就高達(dá)數(shù)千萬(wàn)元。而路基填筑又需另購(gòu)新材料，一來(lái)一回造成巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境壓力，固廢就地資源化迫在眉睫。

技術(shù)攻關(guān)最大的核心難題在于渣土的“三高”：高含水率、高孔隙比、高壓縮性，無(wú)法直接用作路基材料。而傳統(tǒng)自然沉降占用大量土地、處理效率極低，趕不上工程進(jìn)度且環(huán)境污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)高。

王娟教授團(tuán)隊(duì)瞄準(zhǔn)痛點(diǎn)，提出三步法處理工藝。首先，通過(guò)添加特殊材料，促使懸浮液中的微細(xì)土粒快速成團(tuán)并沉降，隨后利用壓濾設(shè)備實(shí)現(xiàn)高效固液分離，獲得含水率較低的泥餅。接著，引入多種改良材料，讓顆粒更“干爽”，同時(shí)增加粘性讓它們“手拉手”。最后，對(duì)處理過(guò)的渣土進(jìn)行壓實(shí)及養(yǎng)護(hù)，使其咬合得更加緊密，最終轉(zhuǎn)換為性能優(yōu)異、符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的高速公路路基填料，實(shí)現(xiàn)了廢棄渣土的資源化利用。

“應(yīng)用型科研的關(guān)鍵，是填平實(shí)驗(yàn)室與生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)之間的鴻溝，提供企業(yè)用得上、用得起、能量產(chǎn)的技術(shù)方案。”王娟教授強(qiáng)調(diào)，團(tuán)隊(duì)反復(fù)優(yōu)化材料配方與工藝參數(shù)，在確保再生材料強(qiáng)度達(dá)標(biāo)、密度更優(yōu)的同時(shí)，著力提升經(jīng)濟(jì)性。

PART.02

省下數(shù)千萬(wàn)

經(jīng)濟(jì)賬與環(huán)境賬雙贏

這項(xiàng)成果率先在杭甬高速?gòu)?fù)線(xiàn)落地，成為浙江省首個(gè)將工程渣土用于高速主路建設(shè)的示范項(xiàng)目。項(xiàng)目中的40萬(wàn)方棄土全部就地消納，實(shí)現(xiàn)零外運(yùn)；經(jīng)權(quán)威檢測(cè)，再生路基材料完全滿(mǎn)足高速各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)要求；相關(guān)路段已實(shí)現(xiàn)通車(chē)，技術(shù)成熟度與可靠性得到工程實(shí)戰(zhàn)驗(yàn)證。

目前，該技術(shù)已在寧波多條高速推廣應(yīng)用，助力打造“零廢棄工地”，形成可推廣的綠色建造模式。

更值得一提的是，相比傳統(tǒng)路基材料，新型再生填料密度更低，可有效減輕路基自重、抑制不均勻沉降，延長(zhǎng)道路使用壽命。

除顯著的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益，這筆“環(huán)境賬”同樣可觀，王娟教授換算道：“40萬(wàn)方渣土如果堆在一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)足球場(chǎng)上，有18到19層樓那么高。現(xiàn)在全部實(shí)現(xiàn)了資源化利用，大幅減少了運(yùn)輸車(chē)輛的碳排放，也降低了對(duì)海洋環(huán)境的影響。”這對(duì)土資源緊缺且棄土量大的浙江而言，意義尤為深遠(yuǎn)。

“既幫企業(yè)省錢(qián)，又為社會(huì)減負(fù)，還為環(huán)保出力，是一條走得通、可持續(xù)的綠色建造路徑。”王娟教授說(shuō)。

王娟教授團(tuán)隊(duì)并未止步于此。在路基填料之外，他們還聯(lián)合其他高校和企業(yè)，探索將渣土轉(zhuǎn)化為更多實(shí)用產(chǎn)品。“在工程領(lǐng)域，技術(shù)創(chuàng)新必須充分考慮企業(yè)需求。我們要做的，不僅是追求科學(xué)與技術(shù)的突破，也要致力于填平科研與產(chǎn)業(yè)之間的那道‘鴻溝’。”她透露，目前團(tuán)隊(duì)的重點(diǎn)是以實(shí)際問(wèn)題為導(dǎo)向，通過(guò)土木工程與其他學(xué)科的交叉互補(bǔ)，攻克更深層次的行業(yè)痛點(diǎn)與技術(shù)難題。

UNNC research team transforms construction waste into sustainable motorway materials

A research team led by Professor Wang Juan from the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC) has developed an innovative method for transforming construction spoil into high-performance motorway subgrade material, offering a sustainable solution to one of the construction industry’s most persistent environmental challenges.

The team’s integrated three-step process — flocculation, modification and reinforcement — enables waste spoil generated during motorway construction to be fully recycled and reused on site. The technology has already been successfully applied in the Hangzhou–Ningbo Expressway extension project, marking Zhejiang Province’s first large-scale use of engineering spoil in motorway main carriageway construction.

Traditionally, large volumes of excavated spoil are transported over long distances for disposal, creating significant financial and environmental costs. One motorway project alone was expected to generate approximately 400,000 cubic metres of spoil, with conventional disposal costs amounting to tens of millions of RMB. At the same time, new materials would normally need to be purchased separately for roadbed construction.

Professor Wang’s team addressed the challenge by developing a process capable of treating spoil characterised by high moisture content, high compressibility and poor engineering performance. The method first separates solids from liquids in waste slurry before improving the material properties through chemical modification and compaction, ultimately producing roadbed fill that meets motorway engineering standards.

“Applied research should bridge the gap between laboratory innovation and industrial practice,” said Professor Wang. “Our goal is to develop technologies that are practical, affordable and scalable for industry use.”

The project has delivered both economic and environmental benefits. All spoil from the demonstration project was reused on site, eliminating the need for off-site disposal and reducing transport-related carbon emissions. The recycled material also has a lower density than traditional fill materials, helping to reduce subgrade weight, minimise uneven settlement and extend the lifespan of roads.

The achievement earned the team the Second Prize for Scientific and Technological Progress in Ningbo and has since been promoted across multiple motorway projects in the region, contributing to the development of “zero-waste construction sites”.

Currently, the research team is prioritising tackling deep-seated industry pain points and complex technical challenges through interdisciplinary innovation.

圖文來(lái)源：Lucrecia Zhou，Tony Bao

電子編輯：Suri An

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