你是否曾陷入過這樣的減肥困境:少油少糖頓頓清淡,跑步跳操累到出汗,可體重秤上的數(shù)字紋絲不動(dòng),甚至悄悄上漲……
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這背后的“真兇”,可能是一種被稱為皮質(zhì)醇的激素。
什么是皮質(zhì)醇?
皮質(zhì)醇是一種由大腦刺激腎上腺分泌的激素,通俗講,它的工作就是幫我們來對(duì)抗壓力。
在急性應(yīng)激狀態(tài)下,皮質(zhì)醇短期升高有助于動(dòng)員能量、維持血糖穩(wěn)定、調(diào)節(jié)免疫反應(yīng),是機(jī)體的一種正常保護(hù)機(jī)制。
Cortisol is a hormone that is released by adrenal glands via signals from the brain. In simple terms, cortisol's job is to help us handle stress.
cortisol /?k??rt?zɑ?l/ 皮質(zhì)醇
adrenal gland /??dri?.n?l ?ɡl?nd/ 腎上腺
During periods of acute stress, a short-term rise in cortisol helps mobilize energy, keeps blood sugar stable, and regulates the immune response — it's the body's normal, built-in way of protecting itself.
然而,熬夜加班、情緒焦慮、家庭瑣事、精神內(nèi)耗、睡眠不足……這些壓力持續(xù)不斷,讓身體一直誤以為“處于危險(xiǎn)中”,于是皮質(zhì)醇長期居高不下,而這就是“壓力肥”的開始。
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皮質(zhì)醇增多可以通過多種作用機(jī)制影響體重。
提升食欲:皮質(zhì)醇可以作用于大腦的食欲調(diào)節(jié)中樞,刺激食欲,使人們進(jìn)食高熱量、高脂肪和高糖食物。
Cortisol acts on the brain's appetite-regulating centers, stimulating hunger and driving people to reach for foods that are high in calories, fat, and sugar.
促進(jìn)血糖轉(zhuǎn)化為脂肪:皮質(zhì)醇會(huì)提高糖原、脂類、蛋白質(zhì)的分解,間接增加血液中葡萄糖的含量,為了“消滅”血糖,胰島素含量就會(huì)隨之升高,將血糖轉(zhuǎn)化成脂肪儲(chǔ)存在我們的身體里。
Cortisol speeds up the breakdown of glycogen, lipids, and proteins, which indirectly raises the level of glucose in the blood. To "mop up" this excess blood sugar, insulin levels then rise, converting that glucose into fat and storing it throughout the body.
mop up 結(jié)束,完成
影響其他激素:長期的皮質(zhì)醇偏高會(huì)讓我們的面部、腰腹及后背等部位的脂肪更容易堆積,也會(huì)通過影響其他相關(guān)激素水平來增加我們內(nèi)臟脂肪的囤積。
When cortisol is chronically elevated, it makes it easier for fat to accumulate around the face, waist, abdomen, and back. It also promotes the buildup of visceral fat by altering the levels of other related hormones.
如何降低皮質(zhì)醇?
越減越肥不是意志力問題,而是壓力下的生理反應(yīng)。當(dāng)皮質(zhì)醇水平回歸正常,自然會(huì)輕松瘦下來。正確的順序是先減壓,再減重;先睡好,再吃好。
以下幾種方法對(duì)降低皮質(zhì)醇有幫助:
?緩解壓力:睡前泡腳,壓力大時(shí)深呼吸,做一些自己喜歡的事,聽舒緩的音樂使身體放松下來。
Soak your feet before bed. When you're feeling overwhelmed, take deep breaths. Do things you enjoy and listen to soothing music to help your body unwind.
?避免熬夜:皮質(zhì)醇分泌有晝夜規(guī)律,養(yǎng)成良好的睡眠習(xí)慣,早睡早起有助于調(diào)節(jié)皮質(zhì)醇水平,讓減肥事半功倍。
Cortisol secretion follows a circadian rhythm. Developing good sleep habits — going to bed early and waking up early — helps regulate your cortisol levels, making your weight loss efforts twice as effective.
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?健康飲食:不要不吃早餐,在膳食指南推薦的飲食框架下,適當(dāng)增加優(yōu)質(zhì)碳水化合物的攝入,可以降低靜息狀態(tài)下的皮質(zhì)醇水平。
?適當(dāng)運(yùn)動(dòng):多做一些低強(qiáng)度的戶外有氧運(yùn)動(dòng),例如慢跑、騎車、打羽毛球;這會(huì)促使身體分泌內(nèi)啡肽,讓人感到愉悅和舒緩,從而降低皮質(zhì)醇水平。
你在減肥過程中有哪些苦惱呢?快來評(píng)論區(qū)分享你的健康減肥小妙招!
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來源:央視新聞微信公眾號(hào)綜合中國疾控中心
跟著China Daily
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