中國國際法學(xué)會呼吁世界各國遵守國際法、反對非法使用武力

4月25日，中國國際法學(xué)會2026年學(xué)術(shù)年會在上海舉行。會議由中國國際法學(xué)會和華東政法大學(xué)共同主辦、華東政法大學(xué)國際法學(xué)院承辦。開幕式上，中國國際法學(xué)會發(fā)布關(guān)于呼吁世界各國遵守國際法、反對非法使用武力的聲明。

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中國國際法學(xué)會

關(guān)于呼吁世界各國遵守國際法、

反對非法使用武力的聲明

在過去幾個月，在拉美和中東地區(qū)發(fā)生了嚴(yán)重的非法使用武力情勢。我們嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)美國、以色列的不法行為，認(rèn)為有必要重申遵守《聯(lián)合國憲章》和國際法，切實維護國際和平與安全。

《聯(lián)合國憲章》是戰(zhàn)后國際秩序的法律基石。《憲章》第2條第4款規(guī)定了關(guān)于禁止使用武力的國際法基本原則：“各會員國在其國際關(guān)系上不得使用威脅或武力，或以與聯(lián)合國宗旨不符之任何其他方法，侵害任何會員國或國家之領(lǐng)土完整或政治獨立。”“領(lǐng)土完整”就是“領(lǐng)土的不可侵犯”。《憲章》明文規(guī)定的禁止使用武力原則的例外只有兩種情況：聯(lián)合國安理會根據(jù)《憲章》第七章授權(quán)的行動和行使《憲章》第51條提及的國家固有自衛(wèi)權(quán)。

2026年1月3日，美國悍然對委內(nèi)瑞拉發(fā)動軍事打擊，強行控制委內(nèi)瑞拉總統(tǒng)馬杜羅及其夫人并將兩人帶至美國。美國此次軍事行動沒有合法理由，嚴(yán)重違反禁止使用武力原則，嚴(yán)重侵犯委內(nèi)瑞拉的領(lǐng)土主權(quán)，也嚴(yán)重違反國際法關(guān)于國家元首人身不可侵犯與豁免的規(guī)則，粗暴踐踏國際法和國際關(guān)系基本準(zhǔn)則，應(yīng)當(dāng)盡快糾正。

2026年2月28日，美國和以色列開始對伊朗發(fā)動大規(guī)模軍事打擊，至今中東地區(qū)的武裝沖突還未結(jié)束。美以聯(lián)合發(fā)動的空襲轟炸了包括伊朗首都德黑蘭在內(nèi)的多個城市和地方，構(gòu)成國際法禁止的武力使用，并構(gòu)成對伊朗的武裝攻擊和侵略行為，也違反國際法關(guān)于國家元首人身不可侵犯規(guī)則。美以對伊朗使用武力沒有國際法依據(jù)，是嚴(yán)重的不法行為，應(yīng)當(dāng)立刻停止。攻擊伊朗平民和包括學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、能源設(shè)施等在內(nèi)的民用物體的行為，還嚴(yán)重違反國際人道法。

我們呼吁，世界各國，尤其是在國際事務(wù)中具有特殊責(zé)任和影響力的大國，應(yīng)遵守國際法，踐行國際法治，和平解決國際爭端。我們呼吁，世界各國堅決反對在國際關(guān)系中非法使用武力，維護世界和平與安全，推動構(gòu)建人類命運共同體。

中國國際法學(xué)會

2026年4月25日

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Statement of Chinese Society of International Law on Upholding International Law and Opposing Illegal Use of Force

In recent months, there have been grave instances of illegal use of force in Latin America and the Middle East. We solemnly condemn the illegal acts of the United States and Israel, and believe that it is necessary to reaffirm the imperative of observing the Charter of the United Nations (the Charter) and international law in order to effectively safeguard international peace and security.

The Charter constitutes the legal cornerstone of the post-World War II international order. Article 2(4) of the Charter establishes the fundamental principle under international law of the prohibition of the use of force: “All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.” “Territorial integrity” means “the inviolability of territory.” The Charter expressly provides for only two exceptions to this prohibition of the use of force: actions authorized by the United Nations Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter and the exercise of the inherent right of self-defense of States referred to in Article 51 of the Charter.

On January 3, 2026, the United States blatantly launched a military strike against Venezuela, forcibly seized President Nicolás Maduro, head of State of Venezuela, and his wife, and removed them to the United States. There is no lawful justification for this U.S. military operation. It seriously violates the principle prohibiting the use of force, severely infringes on Venezuela’s territorial sovereignty, and grossly breaches the rule under international law regarding the personal inviolability and immunity of heads of State. It has brutally trampled on international law and the basic norms of international relations and must be rectified as soon as possible.

On February 28, 2026, the United States and Israel initiated large-scale military strikes against Iran. The armed conflict in the Middle East has continued to this date. The joint airstrikes by the United States and Israel have targeted multiple cities and regions including the capital Tehran. These actions constitute the use of force prohibited by international law, amount to an armed attack against and invasion of Iran, and violate the rule under international law regarding the personal inviolability of heads of State. The use of force by the United States and Israel against Iran finds no basis in international law; it is a serious illegal act and must cease immediately. Furthermore, the attacks on Iranian civilians and civilian objects, including schools, hospitals and energy facilities, also seriously violate international humanitarian law.

We call on all States, especially major States with special responsibilities and influence in international affairs, to abide by international law, practice international rule of law, and settle international disputes peacefully. We call on all States to resolutely oppose the illegal use of force in international relations, maintain international peace and security, and promote the building of a community with a shared future for humanity.

Chinese Society of International Law

April 25, 2026

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