新增38種本科專業！教育部最新發布

日前，教育部發布《普通高等學校本科專業目錄（2026年）》，共新增38種普通高校本科新專業。本次獲批申辦高校可納入2026年高考招生。

The Ministry of Education has recently introduced 38 new undergraduate majors that will be available for recruitment through the 2026 national college entrance exam, or gaokao, expanding opportunities for students to pursue cutting-edge fields.

據悉，為精準對接國家戰略需求，教育部今年將增設能源科學與工程（energy science and engineering） 、深地科學與工程（deep-earth science and engineering）等專業；為服務傳統產業優化升級，將增設交通能源融合工程（transportation and energy integration engineering）、農業機器人（agricultural robotics）等專業；為推動新興產業和未來產業創新發展，將增設生物制造（biomanufacturing）、腦機科學與技術（brain-computer science and technology）等專業；立足服務業擴能提質，將增設數字文旅（digital culture and tourism）、商業人工智能（commercial artificial intelligence）等專業；聚焦打造智能經濟新形態，將增設數字貿易（digital trade）、數字金融（digital finance）等專業。

同時，進一步完善戰略急需專業超常設置機制，支持哈爾濱工業大學、北京航空航天大學等9所高校增設具身智能新專業，推動新一代人工智能與實體經濟深度融合，賦能經濟社會高質量發展。

The ministry also added embodied intelligence as a new major, with nine top universities — including Harbin Institute of Technology in Heilongjiang province and Beihang University — authorized to offer it. The program aims to integrate next-generation artificial intelligence with the real economy.

2026年4月28日，河北秦皇島，海港經濟開發區小島空間智能機器人產業基地內，工作人員正在進行機器人數據采集訓練。圖源：VCG

為更好適應新興交叉學科發展和復合型人才培養需求，2026年本科專業目錄在“交叉學科”門類中首批列入未來機器人、交叉工程等11種目錄內已有專業和具身智能、腦機科學與技術等4種首次列入目錄的新專業。目前，本科專業目錄共涵蓋13個門類、92個專業類、883種專業。

據統計，“十四五”期間，全國高校新增本科專業布點1.02萬個、撤銷或停招1.22萬個，專業調整幅度持續增大，累計調整比例超30%，今年全國高校專業調整比例首次突破10%。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period (2021-25), Chinese universities added 10,200 undergraduate program offerings while cutting or suspending 12,200. The annual adjustment rate exceeded 10 percent for the first time this year.

哈爾濱工業大學原副校長、空天學院院長沈毅表示，為服務國家戰略、技術進步和產業需求，學校將新設立“具身智能”本科專業。

據沈毅介紹，該專業“將人工智能從數字世界帶入物理世界”。他指出：“具身智能不僅指人形機器人，而是讓機器能夠在真實環境中感知、交互、決策并執行行動。”

Shen Yi, former vice-president of Harbin Institute of Technology and dean of the School of Aerospace Innovation, said the university is launching a new undergraduate major in embodied intelligence to meet national strategies, technological progress and industrial demand.

"The major moves artificial intelligence from the digital world to the physical world," Shen said. "Embodied intelligence is not just about humanoid robots — it is about enabling machines to perceive, interact with, decide and act in real-world environments."

他表示，該專業將培養學生面向智能制造、醫療健康、航空航天、能源等領域開展工作。“畢業生將具身智能與特定領域相結合——例如具身智能+航空航天，或具身智能+能源——成為社會急需的復合型人才。”

沈毅強調，該專業注重項目式學習和主動學習。“學生將通過動手實踐來學習，而不僅僅是記筆記。”首批預計招生約50至60人，將于今年9月入學。”

“就像幾十年前的自動化或計算機科學一樣，具身智能將成為各行各業的底層工具。”沈毅說，“掌握它的人將在各自領域推動進步。”

"Like automation or computer science decades ago, embodied intelligence will become a foundational tool across all sectors," Shen said. "Those who master it will drive progress in their fields."

天津大學副校長明東介紹，全國首個直接面向本科招生的腦機接口專業——“腦機科學與技術”本科專業正式獲批，納入交叉學科門類，與學校“腦機接口”一級交叉學科博士點相銜接。

Ming Dong, vice-president of Tianjin University, said the newly approved undergraduate major in brain-computer science and technology aligns with the university's first-level interdisciplinary doctoral program in the field, enabling it to establish a comprehensive bachelor's-master's-doctoral training system for brain-computer interface talent.

2026年4月14日，中國制造“十四五”成就展在北京舉行，圖為腦機接口技術展臺。圖源：VCG

明東表示，腦機接口作為國家“十五五”規劃重點培育的未來產業，應用潛力巨大。面向腦機接口未來產業發展與國家戰略急需，天津大學創新開設的腦機科學與技術專業旨在培養能引領智能人機交互發展的高素質領軍人才。

目前，天津大學已構建本碩博完備的培養體系。學生從大一起系統掌握“器件-芯片-算法-系統-應用”全鏈條技術，通過核心課程如“腦語者”專項研究計劃以及個性化選修，錘煉解決復雜工程問題的能力。

Under the system, students will systematically master the full technology chain of brain-computer interfaces — from devices and chips to algorithms, systems and applications — beginning in their first year. Core courses include the "brain talker" research program, along with a wide range of electives, enabling students to build a solid theoretical foundation and develop practical skills to solve complex engineering problems.

記者：鄒碩

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